I believe that Cell a is most likely in G1 phase.
The G1 phase, or the gap 1 phase, is the first of four phases of the cell cycle that takes place in eukaryotic cell division. In this part of interphase, the cell synthesizes mRNA and proteins in preparation for subsequent steps leading to mitosis. The phase ends when the cell moves into the S phase of interphase.
<span>An individual with blood type A has B antibodies in his blood plasma. An individual with blood type B has A antibodies in his blood plasma. An individual with blood type AB has no A or B antibodies in his blood plasma.</span>
Remains the same: proton pumping rate, electron transport rate, rate of oxygen uptake
Decreases or goes to zero: Rate of ATP synthesis, size of the proton gradient
<span>(Gramicidin causes membranes to become very leaky to protons, so that a proton gradient cannot be maintained and ATP synthesis stops. However, the leakiness of the membrane has no effect on the ability of electron transport to pump protons. Thus, the rates of proton pumping, electron transport, and oxygen uptake remain unchanged.)</span>
Answer:
The hydrogen bonds between water molecules
Explanation:
1. natural selection acts on existing traits because you can not evolve into something you didn't have
2. original structures evolve to accomplish new function in order to survive
