Question

Sodium metal and water react to create sodium hydrogen and hydrogen gas through the unbalanced equation.

Answer 1

Answer:

Theoretical yield = 2.5 g

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of sodium = 79.7 g

Mass of water = 45.3 g

Theoretical yield of hydrogen gas = ?

Solution:

Chemical equation:

2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂

Number of moles of sodium:

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 79.7 g / 23 g/mol

Number of moles = 3.5 mol

Number of moles of water:

Number of moles = mass/ molar mass

Number of moles = 45.3 g / 18g/mol

Number of moles = 2.5 mol

Now we will compare the moles of hydrogen gas with water and sodium.

                        H₂O           :             H₂

                           2             :              1

                          2.5           :            1/2×2.5 =1.25 mol

                     

                           Na           :              H₂

                             2            :               1

                           3.5           :             1/2×3.5 =1.75 mol

water will be limiting reactant.

Theoretical yield:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass =  1.25 mol  × 2 g/mol

Mass = 2.5 g