<em>The convex lens is a lens that converges rays of light that convey parallel to its principal axis (i.e. converges the incident rays towards the principal axis) which is relatively thick across the middle and thin at the lower and upper edges. The edges are curved outward rather than inward.</em>
Answer:
![F_T=6k\frac{Q^2}{L}\hat{i}+10k\frac{Q^2}{L}\hat{j}=2k\frac{Q^2}{L}[3\hat{i}+5\hat{j}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=F_T%3D6k%5Cfrac%7BQ%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2B10k%5Cfrac%7BQ%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5Chat%7Bj%7D%3D2k%5Cfrac%7BQ%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5B3%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2B5%5Chat%7Bj%7D%5D)
Explanation:
I attached an image below with the scheme of the system:
The total force on the charge 2Q is the sum of the contribution of the forces between 2Q and the other charges:
![F_T=F_Q+F_{3Q}+F_{4Q}\\\\F_T=k\frac{(Q)(2Q)}{R_1}\hat{i}+k\frac{(3Q)(2Q)}{R_2}\hat{j}+k\frac{(4Q)(2Q)}{R_3}[cos\theta \hat{i}+sin\theta \hat{j}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=F_T%3DF_Q%2BF_%7B3Q%7D%2BF_%7B4Q%7D%5C%5C%5C%5CF_T%3Dk%5Cfrac%7B%28Q%29%282Q%29%7D%7BR_1%7D%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2Bk%5Cfrac%7B%283Q%29%282Q%29%7D%7BR_2%7D%5Chat%7Bj%7D%2Bk%5Cfrac%7B%284Q%29%282Q%29%7D%7BR_3%7D%5Bcos%5Ctheta%20%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2Bsin%5Ctheta%20%5Chat%7Bj%7D%5D)
the distances R1, R2 and R3, for a square arrangement is:
R1 = L
R2 = L
R3 = (√2)L
θ = 45°
![F_T=k\frac{2Q^2}{L}\hat{i}+k\frac{6Q^2}{L}\hat{j}+k\frac{8Q^2}{\sqrt{2}L}[cos(45\°)\hat{i}+sin(45\°)\hat{j}]\\\\F_T=k\frac{2Q^2}{L}\hat{i}+k\frac{6Q^2}{L}\hat{j}+k\frac{8Q^2}{\sqrt{2}L}[\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\hat{i}+\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\hat{j}]\\\\F_T=6k\frac{Q^2}{L}\hat{i}+10k\frac{Q^2}{L}\hat{j}=2k\frac{Q^2}{L}[3\hat{i}+5\hat{j}]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=F_T%3Dk%5Cfrac%7B2Q%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2Bk%5Cfrac%7B6Q%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5Chat%7Bj%7D%2Bk%5Cfrac%7B8Q%5E2%7D%7B%5Csqrt%7B2%7DL%7D%5Bcos%2845%5C%C2%B0%29%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2Bsin%2845%5C%C2%B0%29%5Chat%7Bj%7D%5D%5C%5C%5C%5CF_T%3Dk%5Cfrac%7B2Q%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2Bk%5Cfrac%7B6Q%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5Chat%7Bj%7D%2Bk%5Cfrac%7B8Q%5E2%7D%7B%5Csqrt%7B2%7DL%7D%5B%5Cfrac%7B%5Csqrt%7B2%7D%7D%7B2%7D%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2B%5Cfrac%7B%5Csqrt%7B2%7D%7D%7B2%7D%5Chat%7Bj%7D%5D%5C%5C%5C%5CF_T%3D6k%5Cfrac%7BQ%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2B10k%5Cfrac%7BQ%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5Chat%7Bj%7D%3D2k%5Cfrac%7BQ%5E2%7D%7BL%7D%5B3%5Chat%7Bi%7D%2B5%5Chat%7Bj%7D%5D)
and the magnitude is:
the direction is:
All fluids exert pressure like the air inside a tire. The particles of fluids are constantly moving in all directions at random. As the particles move, they keep bumping into each other and into anything else in their path. These collisions cause pressure, and the pressure is exerted equally in all directions.
