Answer:
A group of bacteria that accumulate in layers and secrete a protective extracellular material. (Option A)
Explanation:
Biofilm is defined as one or more types of microorganisms collectively grow in different places. Organisms that form the biofilm include protests, fungi, and bacteria.
Dental plaque is an example of a biofilm. It is a known buildup of slimy bacteria that forms on the teeth surface. Biofilm can grow on different surfaces such as animal tissues, plant tissues, minerals, metal, etc.
Answer:
Proteins, Organelles, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organisms
Explanation:
The gate control theory of pain states that the experience of pain is dependent on the complex interaction of the central and the peripheral nervous system. This theory was given by Ronald Melzack and Patrick Wall.
Usually, when a person experiences pain, the neurons transmits the message from the area of damage along the peripheral nervous system to the spinal cord and the brain. The gate control theory suggests that the neurons encounter the 'nerve gates' while transmitting the pain messages in the spinal cord. These opening and closing of these gates is dependent on the multiple factors.
The basket cells are the multipolar, inhibitory interneurons . Endorphins are the neuropeptide and the peptide hormones, which are secreted by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland. These structures have no relation with the transmission of the pain.
The hyperpolarization of the neurons by the opiate receptors resulting in the release of the substance P, which is a neurotransmitter involved with pain.
Hence, the correct answer is 'by releasing substance P'.
The correct answer is the second option. Animals have two major types: vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates are animals that have backbone while the invertebrates do not have one. Examples for vertebrates are birds and mammals while the latter are insects and squid.
Answer:
The brain primarily interpret the strength of a stimulus in the nervous system based on the frequency of the action potential. This answer has been confirmed as correct and helpful.
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