<span>Basically, the body needs to know what it is defending against. Your body can still (usually) fight off infection, even without an immunization, but it takes longer. Basically, your body creates cells with a receptor for a specific disease. When this cell finds the disease it is programmed for, it will send out signals to the "killer" cells to come and kill it. If your body doesn't have the "seeker" cells, it can't fight off the infection until it does. The opposite end are autoimmune diseases, where your immune system starts attacking itself.
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Answer with Explanation:
Gramicidine is an antibiotic that has a polypeptide structure and is composed of 3 chains. This molecule can adopt a structure called beta 6-3 helix, so as to form a channel through the cell membrane of bacteria which allows the passage of ions (in this case cations) such as H +, K + or Na +, this situation leads to that in the cell alterations in the content of cellular cations are generated, among the effects the loss of potassium that can cause the death of the cell due to hemolysis due to alteration in the permeability of the membrane is highlighted. This effect is known as the ionophore effect.
An ionophore effect leads to the inhibition in the release of H + to the mitochondrial electronic transport chain.
Gramicidin thanks to its mechanism of action, when it produces interference specifically in a cellular organelle called mitochondria in the inner mitochondrial membrane, it is responsible for interrupting the passage of electrons, alters the gradient of H + and the performance of the enzyme called ATP- synthase which is responsible for producing ATP.
The damage that the entire previous situation produces on oxidative phosphorylation, leads to the refusal of ADP refosphorylation, then ADP and its hydrolysis products will accumulate, and finally the result will be a decrease in ATP levels.
Answer:
<h2>They are classified on the basis of their cell wall composition and as well as by the reaction to the Gram stain test.
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Explanation:
Most bacteria are classified into two main categories
i) Gram positive bacteria and ,
ii) Gram negative bacteria.
They are classified on the basis of their cell wall composition and as well as by the reaction to the Gram stain test.
Gram positive bacteria's characteristics
ii) they have cell walls composed mostly of peptidoglycan.
i) stain purple after Gram staining.
Gram negative bacteria's characteristics.
i) they have cell wall only a thin layer of peptidoglycan and an outer membrane with a lipopolysaccharide component.
ii) stain red or pink after Gram staining.
Answer:
Plants are different from other animals and humans in that they are able to produce their own food from photosynthesis. The major organs of a plant include the roots, stem, and leaves. for other organisms), and they produce oxygen.
The poet wants to live among animals and experience a life where no one complains and where they are free of sins and sorrow. The most important theme of the poem is not to praise how good animals are, but to compare humans with them in order to highlight the flaws of their nature.
Explanation:
Answer:
If I give a plant an unlimited amount of sunlight, then the plant will grow to its largest possible size.
Explanation:
If-then statements
