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Vsevolod [243]
3 years ago
13

Choose the true statement(s) about mutations. To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be m

ore than one correct answer.
A. Mutations can provide an evolutionary benefit.
B. Mutation leads to genetic and phenotypic variation within a species.
C. In humans, somatic cell mutations are not passed to offspring.
D. Evolution rates are faster in bacteria than in humans because most mutations in human cells are silent.
Biology
1 answer:
Kazeer [188]3 years ago
7 0

Answer

All four options ( A,B,C,D ) are true about mutations.

Explanation:

A-  <u>Mutation can provide an evolutionary benefits</u>

As mutation helps in creating DNA  sequence ,new allele(variant of gene) for a specific gene , thus mutations is known to be the first step of evolution.

B-<u> Mutation leads to genetic and phenotypic variation within the species. </u>

In mutation, genetic  variation (difference between individual/population) takes place as new alleles are created ,random matings ,fertilization and during meiosis , recombination of homologous chromosomes. One of the type of mutation called gene mutation give rise to genetic variations.

Its an exceptional case of phenotypic variations ,as mostly there is no effect of mutation on phenotypic variation. Very few mutations lead to phenotype variation and in case mutation takes place in phenotype variation ,making the organism well suited to the environment, the a rapid change  in the characterstics of the individual species is seen.

C- <u>In humans, the somatic cell mutation are not passed in offsprings. </u>

Somatic cells are present in all over the body except in the cells that give rise to gametes( ie. egg and sperm cells) and produces offsprings . Thus somatic cells are absent in gametic cells ,therefore mutation cannot be passed to human's offsprings or children.

D- <u>Evolution rates are faster in bacteria than in humans because most mutations in human cells are silent.  </u>

Due to their fast  growth ,bacteria evolve quickly and share genes with each other and even between the species ,also the mutation that are helpful spread faster in bacteria.  

In humans, the silent mutation in human cells cause many genetic disorders like Laron dwarfism.  About 99.8% genes are silent mutation.

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Answer:

1. It serves as the functional unit of the nervous system. <em>b. neurons</em>

2. It collects information from the sense organ such as the eyes and the nose. <em>c. peripheral nervous  system</em>

3. It serves as the primary organ of the  central nervous system. f. spinal cord​  

4. It controls or regulates the body's internal brain environment, including the body temperature,  pulse and respiration rate, and bood pressure. <em>e. autonomic nervous  system</em>

5. It is one of the systems that is directly involved in maintaining the normal functions of cells. <em>d. nervous system</em>  

Explanation:

Neuron: Neurons are the structural and functional units in the nervous system.  Neurons transmit nervous impulses. These cells are formed in general by a cellular body, dendrites that are cytoplasmic extensions that receive stimuli from other cells, and an axon that is a long formation capable of conducting the electrochemical signals. Every neuron forms connections with other neurons. These connections are known as synapsis.

Peripheral nervous  system: Sense information is received by the peripheral nervous system and processed by neurons and synapses in the central nervous system. There are three types of neurons involved in this transmission: sensory or efferent neurons, interneurons, and motor or efferent neurons.

Spinal cord: The nervous system might be divided into the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. There are two organs involved in the central nervous system that funtion as control centers. One of them is the brain, and the other organ is the spinal cord, surrounded by the vertebral column.  

Autonomic nervous  system: The autonomic nervous system is conformed by the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. It has too many functions in the organisms, controlling pressure, heart bitting, body temperature, sexual responses, urination, digestion, general metabolism, among others. It controls and regulates the whole organism.  

The nervous system: Homeostasis refers to stability, balance, or equilibrium. The organism needs to maintain homeostasis to guarantee the correct functioning of cells, tissues, organs, and so on. The homeostatic regulation is controlled by the endocrine system and by the nervous system, which acts as the control center.

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