Answer:
Giving away protons to the water molecules
Explanation:
When acids are mixed with water the following reaction takes place:
H^+(aq) + H2O(l) ------> H3O^+(aq)
Hence when acids are added to water, acids donate a proton to water to form the oxonium ion H3O^+ by coordinate covalent bonding. Note that acids contain the hydrogen ion H^+
Ionic bonds are forces that hold together electrostatic forces of attractions between oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds have an electronegativity difference greater than or equal to 2. Covalent bonds have an electronegativity difference that is less than 2.
The pressure of the gas in the flask (in atm) when Δh = 5.89 cm is 1.04 atm
<h3>Data obtained from the question</h3>
The following data were obtained from the question:
- Atmospheric pressure (Pa) = 730.1 torr = 730.1 mmHg
- Change in height (Δh) = 5.89 cm
- Pressure due to Δh (PΔh) = 5.89 cmHg = 5.89 × 10 = 58.9 mmHg
- Pressure of gas (P) =?
<h3>How to determine the pressure of the gas</h3>
The pressure of the gas can be obtained as illustrated below:
P = Pa + PΔh
P = 730.1 + 58.9
P = 789 mmHg
Divide by 760 to express in atm
P = 789 / 760
P = 1.04 atm
Thus, the pressure of the gas when Δh = 5.89 cm is 1.04 atm
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Missing part of question:
See attached photo
Grams ethanol = 33 ml times .789 gms/ml = 26.037 gms
<span>Moles ethanol = 26.037 gms / 46 gms/mole = .57 moles </span>
<span>Moles water = 67 ml or 67 grams/18 gms/mole = 3.22 moles </span>
<span>total moles = .57 + 3.72 = 4.29 moles </span>
<span>Mole fraction ethanol = .57 moles ethanol / 4.29 moles total = 0.13</span>
<span>Moles fraction water = 3.72 moles water / 4.29 moles total = 0.87</span>
<span>Partial pressure of ethanol = mole fraction ethanol (.13) _ times VP ethanol 43.9 torr) = 5.707 torr </span>
<span>partial pressure water = mole fraction water .87) times VP water (l7.5 torr) = 15.23 torr </span>
<span>Total vapor pressure over solution = 5.71 torr + 15.23 torr = 20.94 torr</span>
