Answer:
■Gene sequences would be used to make Probes for both the Southern and Northern blots.
■The probes will be used to view the presence of each gene with the use of isolated genomic DNA obtained from the isolated bacterium
■Each probes hybridized to the genome shows the pathway is isolated and point of the genes were involved in the substrate catabolism
■The carbon source in the isolate is derived from the substrate inducing the catabolic pathway as RNA determine transcripts present
■Probes hybridizing to the same sequences would be used to determine the gene activity for the pathway as seen in the southern one
■since all the genes present in the genome couldn't be identified, the northern would be important to work on
■Catabolic pathway is determined by the same genes. Hence, the need for gene/transcript probes to hybridize to the transcriptome.
The role of ATP synthase in photosynthesis is to transports a proton down the gradient and uses the energy to complete the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.
Further Explanation:
Photosynthesis starts with the absorption of light or solar energy by the plant pigments called chlorophyll. The activated chlorophyll molecule helps in the electron transfer from one acceptor to another forming a chain.
The first phase of photosynthesis the light-dependent reaction in which the absorbed light is utilized to produce molecules carrying energy that is used in the second phase to form carbohydrates by reducing carbon dioxide. The first phase occurs in the grana region of the chloroplast and involves the transport of electrons through photosystem II (PS II) followed by photosystem I (PS I). The energy gained by the chlorophyll molecule is transferred to PS II in the form of electrons. These electrons are passed on further through a series of electron transporter or carrier from PS II to PS I. In photosystem I, finally, the electron is gained by NADP+ to form NADPH.
The ATP synthesis is produced by the use of proton motive force this reaction is catalyzed by ATP synthase. This a multiprotein synthase is also well-known as F0 F1 complex .The ATP molecule is synthesized when proton flow back from the inner membrane down the electrochemical proton gradient . ATP synthase has two components F1 ATPase and F0 which is embedded in the inner membrane and contain alpha, beta and C unit.
As the electrons travel along the electron transport chain, energy is released which helps in the pumping of protons (ions) into the lumen from the stroma through the thylakoid membrane. A proton gradient is developed which allows the movement of protons back to the stroma which in turn results in the formation of ATP through membrane-bound ATP synthase
The second phase of the photosynthesis is the dark reaction or the light-independent reaction happens in the stroma and utilizes the products formed during the light-dependent phase.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Plant Cell
Keywords:
ATP synthase, light dependent reaction, thylakoid, stroma, grana, membrane, photosynthesis, alpha , beta, proton motive force.
Answer:
Frog, grasshopper, and rabbit
Explanation:
depending by the region, these may vary, but these are at or near the same trophic level
1)
2)Keep more fruits, low-fat dairy products (low-fat milk and low-fat yogurt), vegetables, and whole-grain foods at home and at work. Focus on adding healthy food to your diet, rather than just taking unhealthy foods away. Try to eat a family meal every day at the kitchen or dining table.
3)Biomacromolecules are large biological polymers, such as nucleic acids, proteins and carbohydrates, that are made up of monomers linked together. For example, proteins are composed of monomers called amino acids.
4)The First Law of Thermodynamics states that heat is a form of energy, and thermodynamic processes are therefore subject to the principle of conservation of energy. This means that heat energy cannot be created or destroyed
5)Cellular metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that occur in living organisms in order to maintain life. Cellular metabolism involves complex sequences of controlled biochemical reactions, better known as metabolic pathways.
6)Sugars, such as galactose, fructose, and glycogen, are catabolized into new products in order to enter the glycolytic pathway.
