Answer:
confounding variable; lowered.
Explanation:
In the field of statistical analysis, a <u>confounding variable</u> is one that influences both the independent variable and the dependent variable. When an experimented is designed, the researcher wants to study the effect the independent variable has on the dependent variable. However, if there's a third variable that can influence them, it can cause a spurious correlation.
The psychologist wanted to test the effects using the new computer program (independent variable) had in helping students learn math (dependent variable). But when she divided the group in two, separating them by gender, she introduced a third variable (confounding variable) that wasn't accounted for when designing the experiment and that can influence either variable. <u>Because of this, the internal validity of the study has been </u><u>lowered</u><u>.</u>
Today, a majority of the world’s population<span> lives in cities</span>. By 2050, two-thirds of all people on the planet are projected to call urbanized areas their home. This trend will be most prominent in developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America: More than 90% of the global urban growth is taking place in these regions, adding 70 million new residents to urban areas every year.
For the many poor in developing countries, cities embody the hope for a better and more prosperous life. The inflow of poor rural residents into cities has created hubs of urban poverty. One-third of the urban population in developing countries<span> resides in slum conditions</span>. On the other hand, urban areas are engines of economic success. The 750 biggest cities on the planet account for 57% of today’s GDP, and this share is projected to rise further. It is thus unsurprising that rapid urban growth has been dubbed one of the biggest challenges by skeptics and one of the biggest opportunities by optimists.
One reason for this disagreement is that the relationship between economic development and urbanization is complex; causation runs in both directions. In the study “Growing through Cities in Developing Countries,” published in the World Bank Research Observer, Gilles Duranton from the University of Pennsylvania examines this relationship in depth. The strong positive correlation between the degree of urbanization of a country and its per-capita income has long been recognized. Still, the relationship between these two variables is only partially understood in the context of developing countries. In reviewing studies that focus on the impact of cities both in developed and developing countries, Duranton tries to identify the extent to which urbanization affects economic growth and development. (“Agglomeration” economies refers to physical clustering.
Answer: Civil service, the body of government officials who are employed in civil occupations that are neither political nor judicial. In most countries the term refers to employees selected and promoted on the basis of a merit and seniority system, which may include examinations.
Explanation:
Answer:
Heavy taxation and compulsory labor duties caused widespread revolts and a brief civil war. ... After capturing Daxing (now Xi'an), Li Yuan declared himself Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty in the year 618.
Explanation:
Hope this helps :D
Answer:
a. Biological
Explanation:
In psychology, the Biological perspective is a perspective that takes into account the physical factors that can influence behavior or psychological development. In other ways, it explains physical and psychological development based on physical factors people are exposed to.
In this example, Dr. Penrose is studying the reflexes that infants exhibit at or shortly after birth (which is something physical) and she speculates how this reflexes were important for infants survival. Since s<u>he is taking a physical factor into consideration to explain infants' survival</u>, this would be an example of a Biological perspective.
