The force of gravity between the astronauts is 
Explanation:
The magnitude of the gravitational force between two objects is given by:
where
:
is the gravitational constant
are the masses of the two objects
r is the separation between them
In this problem, we have two astronauts, whose masses are:

While the separation between the astronauts is
r = 2 m
Substituting into the equation, we can find the gravitational force between the two astronauts:

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Answer:
Solenoid's inductance is 1.11 × 10^-8H
The average emf around the solenoid is 1.3 × 10^-5V
Explanation: Please see the attachments below
The force exerted by a magnetic field on a wire carrying current is:

where I is the current, L the length of the wire, B the magnetic field intensity, and

the angle between the wire and the direction of B.
In our problem, the force is F=0.20 N. The current is I=1.40 A, while the length of the wire is L=35.0 cm=0.35 m. The angle between the wire and the magnetic field is

, so we can re-arrange the formula and substitute the numbers to find B:
Density is varying through the world’s oceans. The density of ocean water is not uniform.