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rewona [7]
3 years ago
13

The wastewater solution from a factory containing high levels of salts needs to be diluted before it can be released into the en

vironment. Therefore, two containers of waste solution are separated by a semipermeable membrane and pressure is applied to one container, forcing only water molecules through the membrane and diluting the waste solution in the other container. As dilution continues, higher and higher pressures are needed to counteract the natural tendency for the water molecules to have a net flow back toward the more concentrated solution.
What was the applied pressure at the end of this process if the final concentrations of the solutions were 0.048 M and 0.190 M at a temperature of 23 C?
Chemistry
1 answer:
Vesna [10]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

3.5 atm

Explanation:

As stated in the question pressure is required to counteract the natural tendency  for water to dilute the more concentrated solution. The difference in concentrations will give us the answer using the osmotic pressure equation.

π = ( n/v)  RT where n/v is the molarity (mol/L), R is the gas constant and T is the temperature.

The difference in osmotic pressure of the solutions is:

Δπ = Δ c RT where c is the difference in molar concentrations.

pressure required = Δπ = (0.190 - 0.048) M x 0.821 Latm/Kmol x 298 K

= 3.47 atm

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Decide whether the compound is ionic or molecular, if you can.
mestny [16]

Answer:

Molecular solid

Explanation:

A molecular solid has a low melting point, they are soft and do not conduct electricity.

We have been told in the question that the solid does not really dissolve in water and it's solution does not improve the electrical conductivity of water. Hence, it must be a molecular solid.

7 0
3 years ago
A sample of pure tin metal is dissolved in nitric acid to produce 15.00 mL of solution containing Sn2+. When this tin solution i
Rudik [331]

Answer:

1.00 M

Explanation:

Sn^2+ reacts with KMNO4 as follows;

5Sn^2+(aq) + 2MnO4^-(aq) + 16H^+(aq) ----> 5Sn^4+(aq) + 2Mn^+(aq) + 8H2O(l)

The number of moles of MnO4^- reacted = 42.1/1000 L × 0.145 mol/L

= 0.0061 moles

If 5 moles of Sn^2+ reacts with 2 moles of MnO4^-

x moles of Sn^2+ reacts with 0.0061 moles of MnO4^-

x= 5 × 0.0061/2

x= 0.015 moles

Since the volume of the Sn^2+ solution is 15.00mL or 0.015 L

number of moles = concentration × volume

Concentration = number of moles/volume

Concentration= 0.015 moles/0.015 L

Concentration = 1 M

6 0
3 years ago
Burning 12.00 g of an oxoacid produces 17.95 g of carbon dioxide and 4.87 g of water. Consider that 0.25
Veseljchak [2.6K]

Answer: The molecular formula will be C_6H_6O_6

Explanation:

Mass of CO_2 = 17.95 g

Mass of H_2O= 4.87 g

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol

Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol

For calculating the mass of carbon:

In 44g of carbon dioxide, 12 g of carbon is contained.

So, in 17.95 g of carbon dioxide, =\frac{12}{44}\times 17.95=4.89g of carbon will be contained.

For calculating the mass of hydrogen:

In 18g of water, 2 g of hydrogen is contained.

So, in 4.87 g of water, =\frac{2}{18}\times 4.87=0.541g of hydrogen will be contained.

Mass of oxygen in the compound = (12.00) - (4.89+0.541) = 6.57 g

Mass of C = 4.89 g

Mass of H =  0.541 g

Mass of O = 6.57 g

Step 1 : convert given masses into moles.

Moles of C =\frac{\text{ given mass of C}}{\text{ molar mass of C}}= \frac{4.89g}{12g/mole}=0.407moles

Moles of H=\frac{\text{ given mass of H}}{\text{ molar mass of H}}= \frac{0.541g}{1g/mole}=0.541moles

Moles of O=\frac{\text{ given mass of O}}{\text{ molar mass of O}}= \frac{6.57g}{16g/mole}=0.410moles

Step 2 : For the mole ratio, divide each value of moles by the smallest number of moles calculated.

For C =\frac{0.407}{0.407}=1

For H =\frac{0.541}{0.407}=1

For O = \frac{0.410}{0.407}=1

The ratio of C : H : O = 1: 1  : 1

Hence the empirical formula is CHO.

Hence the empirical formula is CHO

The empirical weight of CHO = 1(12)+1(1)+1(16)= 29 g.

If 0.25 moles has mass of 44.0 g

Thus 1 mole has mass of = \frac{44.0}{0.25}\times 1=176g

Thus molecular mass is 176 g

Now we have to calculate the molecular formula.

n=\frac{\text{Molecular weight }}{\text{Equivalent weight}}=\frac{176g}{29g}=6

The molecular formula will be=6\times CHO=C_6H_6O_6

5 0
3 years ago
6CO2 + 6 H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2
PilotLPTM [1.2K]

Answer:

The answer to your question is 0.5 moles

Explanation:

Data

moles of Glucose = ?

moles of carbon dioxide = 3

Balanced chemical reaction

                6CO₂  +  6H₂O   ⇒   C₆H₁₂O₆  +  6O₂

Process

To solve this problem, use proportions, and cross multiplication.

Use the coefficients of the balanced equation.

                6 moles of CO₂ ----------------- 1 mol of C₆H₁₂O₆

                3 moles of CO₂ ----------------    x

                    x = (3 x 1) / 6

-Simplification

                    x = 3/6

-Result

                   x = 0.5 moles of Glucose

3 0
3 years ago
Predict the effect of adding a non competitive inhibitor to the reaction mixture on the rate of reaction at a high substrate con
Darya [45]

Answer:

A noncompetitive inhibitor can only bind to an enzyme with or without a substrate at several places at a particular point in time

Explanation:

this is because It changes the conformation of an enzyme as well as its active site, which makes the substrate unable to bind to the enzyme effectively so that the efficiency of the enzyme decreases. A noncompetitive inhibitor binds to the enzyme away from the active site, altering/distorting the shape of the enzyme so that even if the substrate can bind, the active site functions less effectively and most of the time also the inhibitor is reversible

8 0
3 years ago
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