Question

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Answer 1

Answer:

17. HC₂H₃O₂ + H₂O  ⇄  C₂H₃O₂⁻  +  H₃O⁺       Ka

          A             B             CB             CA              

18. H₂SO₄ + 2H₂O →  2H₃O⁺  +  SO₄⁻²

         A           B            CA           CB          

19. CO₃⁻² + H₂O ⇄  HCO₃⁻  +  OH⁻      Kb

      B             A          AC          BC  

20.  HCO₃⁻  + NH₃  ⇄  CO₃⁻²  +  NH₄⁺       Ka

           A           B           BC           AC

21.   NH₄⁺ + OH⁻   ⇄   NH₃  +  H₂O     Ka

         A         B            BC        AC  

Explanation:

The acetic acid release a proton to water, to produce acetate and hydronium.

This is a weak acid.

The sulfuric acid release 2 protons to water to produce sulfate and hydronium.

This acid is considered as strong, but it is only strong in the first dissociation. The second dissociation is weak, with a Ka.

Carbonate takes a proton from water, to become bicarbonate (In this case, the carbonate behaves as a base).

Bicarbonate release a proton to ammonia, to make ammonium and carbonate anion.

Amonium cation release a proton to the hydroxide to make ammonia and water.

Answer 2

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Bronsted-Lowry says the following:

Acid dissociation: HX + H2O → H3O+ + X-

Base dissociation: B + H2O → OH- + HB+

HC2H3O2 + H2O →

HC2HO2 is acetic acid, it's a weak acid. (CH3COOH)

This will be following the reaction HX + H2O → H3O+ + X-

CH3COOH + H2O → CH3COO- + H3O+

H2SO4 + H2O →

H2SO4 is a strong acid

This will be following the reaction HX + H2O → H3O+ + X-

H2SO4 + H2O → HSO4- + H3O+

CO3^2- + H2O →

CO3^2_ is a conjugate base

This will be following the reaction B + H2O → OH_ + HB+

CO3^2- + H2O → HCO3- + OH-

HCO3- + NH3 →

HCO3- (known as bicarbonate) is the conjugate base of H2CO3, a weak acid, and the conjugate acid of the carbonate ion.

NH3 is a weak base

HCO3- + NH3 → CO3^2- + NH4+

NH4+ + OH- →

The hydrogen on the ammonium ion (NH4+) can go back to the hydroxide ion (OH-) to form NH3 and H2O (ammonia and water) again. In this case, because the ammonium ion is donating a proton, it is called a conjugate acid.

NH4+ + OH- → NH3 + H2O