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Professional antigen-presenting cells, such as phagocytes, are the first cells to encounter a pathogen (apcs). This means they have the ability to activate cells of the adaptive immune system.
<h3>What is meant by Pathogen?</h3>
- A pathogen is an organism that infects its host with disease, and the severity of the disease symptoms is referred to as virulence.
- Pathogens include viruses, bacteria, unicellular and multicellular eukaryotes, and a wide range of other organisms.
- The bone marrow of an average healthy adult generates 100 billion new neutrophils per day. Because there are so many neutrophils in the body at any given time, they are often the first cells to reach the site of an infection.
- Long thought to be a component of the innate immune system, complement has recently emerged as an important regulator of the adaptive immune response.
Therefore the correct option is D) can activate cells of the adaptive immune system.
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Answer: a. True
Explanation:
Glomerular filtrate is formed by the difference in force of hydrostatic and osmotic pressure. This physical force involves:
Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure: This includes the pressure that develops in the Bowman's capsule against the fluid to be filtrated expelled out by the glomerulus.
Glomerular hydrostatic pressure: The glomerulus is the main site of production of filtrate. It is higher than the average blood capillary hydrostatic pressure. It allows the water and solute molecules to be filtrated out of the plasma membrane.
Colloid osmotic pressure: The osmotic pressure which is generated by the large molecules is the colloid osmotic pressure. It is created by the plasma proteins. This pressure draws water from the glomerulus.
