Answer:
93.5 kPa
Explanation:
Step 1: Given data
- Initial pressure (P₁): 81.0 kPa
- Initial temperature (T₁): 50 °C
- Final volume (T₂): 100 °C
Step 2: Convert the temperatures to the Kelvin scale
When working with gases, we need to consider the absolute temperature. We will convert from Celsius to Kelvin using the following expression.
K = °C + 273.15
T₁: K = 50°C + 273.15 = 323 K
T₂: K = 100°C + 275.15 = 373 K
Step 3: Calculate the final pressure of the gas
At a constant volume, we can calculate the final pressure of the gas using Gay-Lussac's law.
P₁/T₁ = P₂/T₂
P₂ = P₁ × T₂/T₁
P₂ = 81.0 kPa × 373 K/323 K
P₂ = 93.5 kPa
<span>So what happens when there is more than one force? I like to think of net force as if two people were pulling on ropes attached to a big crate. If they pull the crate in the same direction, the crate will accelerate twice as quickly. If they pull in opposite directions with equal forces, the crate won’t move at all — these two forces cancel each other out. If one person pulls northwards and the other pulls eastwards, the crate will move to the north-east.
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Answer:
The explanation of the processes in which pigments are involved (capturing light and forming ATP and NADPH) is given in the following paragraphs)
Explanation:
Pigments are molecules with the capacity of absorbing light. Each pigment captures light of a specific wavelength. Plants contain different types of pigments like chlorophylls, xanthophylls, carotenoids, and others.
Chloroplasts (organelles present in cells of plants), contain pigmants that absorb solar radiation, triggering a series of reactions collectively known as photosynthesis. When light incides on a pigment, an electron of this molecules is excitated, goes into another level of energy and starts to pass through a series of carrier molecules to finally to a final aceptor of electrons. During this transport, part of the energy contained in the electron is used to generates a hydrogen gradient that provides energy. As a result of these processes, a molecule that is called NADP+ accepts two electrons and an hydrogen to form NADPH, while another molecule known as ADP captures an atom of phosphorous and gives rise to ATP (through the action of a protein called ATP sintase)..
