Which of the following statements best explains the observation that hydrogen fluoride has the highest boiling point of all the
hydrogen halides?a. The fluorine in HF is the smallest atom for all of the halogens. b. Fluorine is the most electronegative of the atoms. c. HF can participate in hydrogen bonding. d. HF is very reactive and can react and dissolve glass e. HF is a weak acid, and doesn
1 answer:
Answer:
c. HF can participate in hydrogen bonding.
Explanation:
<u>The boiling points of substances often reflect the strength of the </u><u>intermolecular forces</u><u> operating among the molecules.</u>
If it takes more energy to separate molecules of HF than of the rest of the hydrogen halides because HF molecules are held together by stronger intermolecular forces, then the boiling point of HF will be higher than that of all the hydrogen halides.
A particularly strong type of intermolecular attraction is called the hydrogen bond, <em>which is a special type of dipole-dipole interaction between the hydrogen atom in a polar bond</em>, such as N-H, O-H, or F-H, and an electronegative O, N, or F atom.
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Answer:
Sodium chloride solution:
First you need to calculate the mass of salt needed (done in the explanation), which is 58.44g. Then it have to be weighted in an analytical balance in a weighting boat and then transferred into a 2L volumetric flask that is going to be filled until the mark with distilled water.
Sulfuric acid dilution:
First you need to calculate the volume needed (done in the explanation), it is 16.6 mL. Using a graduated pipette one measures this volume and transfer it into a 2L volumetric flask that is already half filled with distilled water, and then one fills it until its mark.
Explanation:
Sodium chloride solution:
Each liter of a 0.500M solution has half mol, so 2L of said solution has 1 mol of salt. Sodium chloride molar mass is 58.44g/mol, so in 2L of solution there is 58.44g of salt. That`s the mass that`s going to be weighted and transferred to a 2L volumetric flask.
Sulfuric acid dilution:
This is the equation for dilution of solutions:
Where "c1" stands for the initial concentration (stock solution concentration), "v1" for the initial volume (volume of stock solution used), "c2" for the desired concentration and "v2" for the desired volume.
When we are diluting from a stock solution we want to know how much do we have to pipette from the stock solution into our volumetric flask. We do so by isolating the "v1" term from the dilution equation:
in this case that would be: