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stepladder [879]
3 years ago
10

A process at constant T and P can be described as spontaneous if ΔG < 0 and nonspontaneous if ΔG > 0. Over what range of t

emperatures is the following process spontaneous? Assume that gases are at a pressure of 1 atm. (Hint: Use the data below to calculate ΔH and ΔS [assumed independent of temperature and equal to ΔH° and ΔS°, respectively] and then use the definition of ΔG.)
Chemistry
1 answer:
creativ13 [48]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Incomplete question, it is lacking the data it makes reference. The missing data from Chegg is:

                              2 SO3(g)   →          2 SO2(g) + O2(g)

ΔHf° (kJ mol-1)  -395.7                        -296.8

S° (J K-1 mol-1)  256.8                         248.2              205.1

ΔH° =  kJ

S° =  J K⁻¹

Explanation:

The method to solve this problem calls for the use of the Gibbs standard free energy change:

ΔG = ΔrxnH - TΔSrxn

We know a reaction is spontaneous when ΔG is < 0, so to answer this question we need to solve for the temperature, T, at which ΔG becomes negative.

Now as mentioned in the hint, we need to determine  ΔrxnH and ΔSrxn, which are given by

ΔrxnH = ∑ ν x ΔfHº products - ∑ ν x ΔfHº reactants

where  ν  is the stoichiometric coefficient in the balanced chemical equation.

For ΔS we have likewise

ΔrxnS =  ∑ ν x ΔSº products - ∑ ν x ΔSº reactants

Thus,

ΔrxnH(kJmol⁻¹) =  2 x (-296.8) - 2 x ( -395.7 ) = 197.8 kJ

ΔrxnS ( JK⁻¹) = 2 x 248.2 + 205.1 - 2 x 256.8 = 187.9 JK⁻¹ = 0.1879 kJK⁻¹

So ΔG kJ =  197.8 - T(0.1879)

and the reaction will become spontaneous when the term  T(0.1879)  becomes greater that 197.8,

0 = 197.8 - 0.1879 T  ⇒ T = 1052 K

so the reaction is spontaneous at temperatures greater than 1052 K (780 ºC)

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Identify the species oxidized, the species reduced, the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent in the following electron transfe
Vesna [10]

Answer:

In the given chemical reaction:

Species Oxidized: I⁻

Species Reduced: Fe³⁺

Oxidizing agent: Fe³⁺

Reducing agent: I⁻

As the reaction proceeds, electrons are transferred from I⁻ to Fe³⁺

Explanation:

Redox reaction is a chemical reaction involving the simultaneous movement of electrons thereby causing oxidation of one species and reduction of the other species.

The chemical species that <u><em>gets reduced by gaining electrons </em></u><u>is called an </u><u><em>oxidizing agent</em></u>. Whereas, the chemical species that <u><em>gets oxidized by losing electrons </em></u><u>is called a </u><u><em>reducing agent</em></u><u>.</u>

Given redox reaction: 2Fe³⁺ + 2I⁻ → 2Fe²⁺ + I₂

<u>Oxidation half-reaction</u>: 2 I⁻ +  → I₂ + 2 e⁻                 ....(1)

<u>Reduction half-reaction</u>: [ Fe³⁺ + 1 e⁻ → Fe²⁺ ] × 2

                                   ⇒  2 Fe³⁺ + 2 e⁻ → 2 Fe²⁺       ....(2)

In the given redox reaction, <u>Fe³⁺ (oxidation state +3) accepts electrons and gets reduced to Fe²⁺ (oxidation state +2) and I⁻ (oxidation state -1) loses electrons and gets oxidized to I₂ (oxidation state 0).</u>

<u>Therefore, Fe³⁺ is the oxidizing agent and I⁻ is the reducing agent and the electrons are transferred from I⁻ to Fe³⁺.</u>

5 0
3 years ago
Carvone (C10H14O) is the main component of spearmint oil. It has a pleasant aroma and mint flavor. Carvone is often added to che
marta [7]

<u>Answer:</u> The mass of carbon in given amount of carvone is 47.52 grams

<u>Explanation:</u>

To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:

\text{Number of moles}=\frac{\text{Given mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}     .....(1)

Given mass of carvone = 55.4 g

Molar mass of carvone = 150.22 g/mol

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

\text{Moles of carvone}=\frac{55.4g}{150.22g/mol}=0.369mol

The chemical formula of carvone is C_{10}H_{14}O

This contains 10 moles of carbon atom, 14 moles of hydrogen atom and 1 mole  of oxygen atom

Now, calculating the mass of carbon in carvone from equation 1, we get:

Molar mass of carbon = 12 g/mol

Moles of carbon = (10 × 0.396) = 3.96 moles

Putting values in equation 1, we get:

3.96mol=\frac{\text{Mass of carbon}}{12g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of carbon}=(3.96mol\times 12g/mol)=47.52g

Hence, the mass of carbon in given amount of carvone is 47.52 grams

6 0
3 years ago
if an object has a mass of 60 grams in a volume of 120 cm3 then calculate the density would this object sink or float
Ivanshal [37]

Answer: 0.5 g/cm^3

Density equals mass divided by volume so..

60/120 is 0.5 g/cm^3

7 0
2 years ago
Pls help asap!!!!
AVprozaik [17]

Answer: The pressure of the He is 2.97 atm

Explanation:

According to Dalton's law, the total pressure is the sum of individual pressures.

p_{total}=p_{N_2}+p_{O_2}+p_{He}.

Given : p_{total} =total pressure of gases = 6.50 atm

p_{N_2} = partial pressure of Nitrogen = 1.23 atm

p_{O_2} = partial pressure of oxygen = 2.3 atm

p_{He} = partial pressure of Helium = ?

putting in the values we get:

6.50atm=1.23atm+2.3atm+p_{He}  

p_{He}=2.97atm

The pressure of the He is 2.97 atm

3 0
3 years ago
What does changing densities cause to occur
Dafna1 [17]

Answer:

Explanation:

Please Elaborate

8 0
3 years ago
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