Legislative branch- the House has the ability to bring forth bills of impeachment. They also can bring forth introduce bills of appropriation...aka introduce tax bills and bills that deal with revenue.
Senate- they are the ones who confirm presidential appointments of any sort(aka I believe Eric Holder had to be approved by the Senate before becoming head of the Justice Department), ambassadors also must be approved by the senate. The Senate can strike down the bills of revenue or any bills that the House introduces. One other thing, the Senate members are the only ones who are allowed to hear impeachment cases and decide the verdict of the one being tried.
The immediate effect was that it divided the newly discovered land in South America along a line. With lands to the west of a line belonging to Castile and the land to the east belonging to Portugal.
