If a metal is less reactive than carbon, it can be extracted from its oxide by heating with carbon. The carbon displaces the metal from the compound, and removes the oxygen from the oxide. This leaves the metal.
Answer:
Luiquid
Explanation:
The atoms in a liquid state of matter have a definite volume, eventhough they acquire the shape of the container that contains them, the volume will always be the same, while in a solid the shape and volume will remain constant, on the other hand for a gas, the substance will fill the container where it is, having different volumes.
Explanation:
Thomson's suggested the plum pudding model of the atom in which the atomic space is made up of electrons surround by positive charges.
Rutherford in his gold foil experiment revised the plum pudding model of the atom;
- He discovered that most of the alpha particles passed through the foil while a few of them were deflected back.
- To explain this observation, he suggested the atomic model of the atom.
- In this model, an atom is made up of a small positively charged center where nearly all the mass is concentrated.
- Surrounding the nucleus is the extranuclear part made up of electrons.
30. mixture of compounds
31. compound
32. element
33. compound
34. compound
34. mixture of elements and compounds
Answer:
A reaction is non-spontaneous at any temperature when the Gibbs free energy > 0.
Explanation:
There is a state function, that determines if a reaction is sponaneous or non spontaneous:
ΔG = Gibbs free energy
A reaction is non spontaneous when it does require energy to produce that reaction. It will be spontaneous, when the reaction does not require energy to be occured.
The formula is: ΔG = ΔH - T.ΔS
ΔH → Enthalpy → Energy gained or realeased as heat.
ΔH < 0 → <em>Exothermic reaction. Spontaneity is favored
</em>
T → Temperature
ΔS → Entropy → Degree of disorder of a system.
When the system has a considered disorder ΔS > 0, disorder increases.
When the system is more ordered, ΔS < 0, disorder decreases.
The reaction will be non spontaneous if, the enthalpy is positive (endothermic reaction) and the ΔS < 0 (disorder decreases). It will not occur if we do not give energy.
ΔG < 0 → Spontaneous reaction
ΔG > 0 → Non spontaneous reaction
ΔG = 0 → System in equilibrium
