(May not be 100% correct as there may be more context, but I hope this helps! Have a nice day!)
We can tell it won't be Claim 1 as Claim 1 compares a reddish-brown substance to a gray/white substance.
I am going to go with Claim 3 is most supported by the evidence because of the three descriptions of the different substances, none of them match.
Answer : Isopropanol molecules ( C₃H₈O) are the major species present when dissolved in water.
Explanation :
Compounds are of 2 types.
1) Ionic compounds : These are formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a non metal.
When ionic compounds are dissolved in water, they get separated into ions.
Therefore the major species present in case of an ionic compound are ions.
2) Molecular (Covalent) compounds: These are formed by sharing of electrons among 2 or more non metals.
Covalent compounds are further categorized as
a) Polar covalent : Polar covalent compounds partially dissociate to form ions.
Therefore the major species in case of polar covalent compounds are the undissociated molecules and ions.
b) Non polar covalent : Non polar covalent compounds are unable to dissociate and they remain in molecular form when dissolved. So the major species in case of a non polar compound are undissociated molecules only.
Isopropanol is a non polar covalent compound. As discussed above it will have undissociated isopropanol molecules as major species.
Hence Isopropanol molecules ( C₃H₈O) are the major species present when dissolved in water.
If we work it out with direct proportions, the vapor pressure of propanone is 56 degrees Celsius. The atmospheric pressure is about 101 kPa. If the vapor pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure, the substance boils. Therefore, if we hold a linear proportion, 45/56 = x/101. 56x = 101*45, x = 101*45/56 = 81. The closest choice here is (3) 70 kPa.
Next time, please provide us with Reference Table H.
To become an ion a calcium atom would have to lose 2 electrons.
