Explanation: The potential soil erosion increases if the soil has no or very little vegetative cover of plants/grass and/or crop residues. Plant and residue cover protects the soil from rain impact and splashes from it. It tends to slow down the movement of runoff water and allows excess surface water to infiltrate.
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The answer is C because, Ecoregions cover relatively large areas of land or water, and contain characteristic, geographically distinct assemblages of natural communities and species.
In human gene therapy, a genetically modified virus (a.k.a. a viral vector) can alter the genetic variation of a cell, but not all viral vectors do.
The process often begins with the delivery of or creation of a segment of viral double stranded DNA (containing the gene you want to introduce). Then typically an enzyme known as an integrase cuts the ends of the segment of viral DNA and also cuts open the cell's DNA. Then the viral DNA is integrated/ inserted into the cell's DNA. The connecting ends are ligated together and adjusted so that the nucleotide base pairs match up.
This in the future may affect the gene pool for instance if the viral DNA (your gene) was inserted in the middle of another gene or important regulatory sequence of the cell DNA, and this alteration may be passed on into offspring and become present in the gene pool, which could have bad effects.
The effects on the gene pool really depends on what the virus ends up doing. For example, it may fix the function of a damaged gene which is the goal, and allow for a working gene to be in the gene pool, which would be good. The problem with gene therapy is that it's difficult to predict 100% what the virus will do every time it is given to a patient.
But it's very important to consider that it will only affect the gene pool if the virus is able to enter and alter germ cells (reproductive cells). If the virus, enters somatic cells (regular body cells) this will not be passed on to future generations. So viruses can be designed to avoid germ cells and avoid this gene pool issue. Also, some viral vectors use viruses that do not integrate their DNA, the cells just express the viral DNA (create the desired protein from it) and over time the viral DNA is degraded/ lost which wouldn't pose this threat.
This is long, but I hope it helped!
Answer:
In the Cretaceous period, Mesozoic Era forests begin to look like modern day forests and included a variety of conifers and decidous trees.
Explanation:
The Cretaceous period was the last and longest segment of the Mesozoic Era.It lasted approximated 79 million years from the minor extinction events that closed the Jurassic Period about 145.5 million years ago to the Cretaceous - Palogene ( K-Pg) extinction event dated at 65.5 million years ago. This era have seen more dinosaurs than before.The horned Cretaceous dinosaurs appeared, like the Triceratops and Centrosaurus. The armored Ankylosaurus, duckbilled Parasaurolophus, and large carnivore Tyrannosaurus were a few of the quickly evolving dinosaurs.
