Answer:
b. Reinforcement contingencies
Explanation:
Reinforcement contingencies are the cause-and-effect relationships between the performance of specific behaviors and specific consequences.
These reveal specific behaviors which are followed by specific consequences.
In reinforcement contingencies, there is usually antecedents (what happens before a behavior takes place) and then consequences follow (what happens after a behavior took place).
A tariff because tariffs are indirect taxes on prices of imported goods to make them more expensive thus discouraging domestic consumers from importing them.
A society is often an organized population of people who can communicate, cooperate and produce efficiently while being semi co-dependant.
