Answer:
b) Ecological systems theory.
Explanation:
The Ecological systems theory was first proposed by Bronfenbrenner. His theory states that we encounter different environments throughout our lifespan and these environments influence our behavior in varying degrees.
Talking specifically about children, this theory focuses on the quality and context of the environment that surrounds the child. The theory says that as a child develops, the interaction with his/her environments becomes more complex.
In this theory, we are not simply passive recipients and victims of our environment but <u>we all influence other people around us by our actions (</u>in the simplest of ways, when a children smiles, the person he/she is smiling to reacts with a smile too)
Thus, an important tenet of the Ecological systems theory is that children are not simply passive recipients of the enculturation and socialization processes, but they also contribute to their own development by interacting with and influencing the people, groups, and institutions around them
