This happens because organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria are energy transducers, chloroplast converts light energy into chemical energy. The degradation of glucose in the mitochondria requires oxygen. Both organelles have a double membrane with many folds, called cristae. These cristae greatly increases the surface area of the membrane where many of the reactions of cellular respiration occur.
No; only a small percentage of variants cause genetic disorders—most have no impact on health or development. For example, some variants alter a gene's DNA sequence but do not change the function of the protein made from the gene.
