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olya-2409 [2.1K]
3 years ago
9

I just started learning about kinetic molecular theory, and I’m not sure how to answer the question circled below

Chemistry
1 answer:
lions [1.4K]3 years ago
7 0

Answer : The value of 'R' is 0.0821\text{ L atm }mol^{-1}K^{-1}

Solution : Given,

At STP conditions,

Pressure = 1 atm

Temperature = 273 K

Number of moles = 1 mole

Volume = 22.4 L

Formula used :     R=\frac{PV}{nT}

where,

R = Gas constant

P = pressure of gas

T = temperature of gas

V = volume of gas

n = number of moles of gas

Now put all the given values in this formula, we get the values of 'R'.

R=\frac{(1atm)\times (22.4L)}{(1mole)\times (273K)}

R=0.0821\text{ L atm }mol^{-1}K^{-1}

Therefore, the value of 'R' is 0.0821\text{ L atm }mol^{-1}K^{-1}.

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Charge the balloon, hold it near an electroscope, and determine if the electroscope leaves move.

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The gold leaf electroscope is an instrument used to detect if a body is charged. It has two gold leafs suspended from a brass stem in a vacuumed glass jar and connected to a metal cap(Toppr).

When the test body is allowed to touch the metal cap, a change in the size of the leaves shows whether the body is charged or not.

Since we are suspecting the balloon to be made up of a metal; metals can be charged. We can test if there is really a charge on the balloon by bringing it near an electroscope to see if the electroscope moves.

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An element is a pure substance in which there are how many kinds of atoms?
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One

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Generally, as a pure substance, the composition of an element is definite and they are homogenous in all parts.

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Suppose you could watch radioactive atoms decay. It would probably get quite boring as time went by. Why?
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The activation energy for a reaction is changed from 184 kJ/mol to 59.0 kJ/mol at 600. K by the introduction of a catalyst. If t
11111nata11111 [884]

Answer:

The catalyzed reaction will take 2.85 seconds to occur.

Explanation:

The activation energy of a reaction is given by:                                                        

k = Ae^{-\frac{E_{a}}{RT}}

For the reaction without catalyst we have:

k_{1} = Ae^{-\frac{E_{a_{1}}}{RT}}   (1)

And for the reaction with the catalyst:

k_{2} = Ae^{-\frac{E_{a_{2}}}{RT}}   (2)

Assuming that frequency factor (A) and the temperature (T) are constant, by dividing equation (1) with equation (2) we have:                      

\frac{k_{1}}{k_{2}} = \frac{Ae^{-\frac{E_{a_{1}}}{RT}}}{Ae^{-\frac{E_{a_{2}}}{RT}}}

\frac{k_{1}}{k_{2}} = e^{\frac{E_{a_{2}} - E_{a_{1}}}{RT}    

\frac{k_{1}}{k_{2}} = e^{\frac{59.0 \cdot 10^{3}J/mol - 184 \cdot 10^{3} J/mol}{8.314 J/Kmol*600 K} = 1.31 \cdot 10^{-11}    

Since the reaction rate is related to the time as follow:

k = \frac{\Delta [R]}{t}

And assuming that the initial concentrations ([R]) are the same, we have:

\frac{k_{1}}{k_{2}} = \frac{\Delta [R]/t_{1}}{\Delta [R]/t_{2}}

\frac{k_{1}}{k_{2}} = \frac{t_{2}}{t_{1}}

t_{2} = t_{1}\frac{k_{1}}{k_{2}} = 6900 y*1.31 \cdot 10^{-11} = 9.04 \cdot 10^{-8} y*\frac{365 d}{1 y}*\frac{24 h}{1 d}*\frac{3600 s}{1 h} = 2.85 s

Therefore, the catalyzed reaction will take 2.85 seconds to occur.

I hope it helps you!                            

4 0
3 years ago
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