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Novay_Z [31]
3 years ago
15

HELP ASAP! GIVING BRAINLIEST!! 15 POINTS

Chemistry
1 answer:
Rufina [12.5K]3 years ago
5 0

I think Kinetic energy forms <em>Motion energy </em>and Potential energy forms <em>Gravitational Potential energy.</em>

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In a 1.0x10^-4 M solution of HClO(aq), identify the relative molar amounts of these species:HClO, OH-, H3O+, OCl-, H2O
yarga [219]
HClO is a weak acid, which means the ions do not fully dissociate. The hydrolysis reaction for the hypochlorous acid is:

HClO + H2O ⇄ H3O+ +OCl-

Then the equilibrium constant, Ka, of dilute HClO would be:

K_{a} = \frac{[ H_{3}  O^{+} ][O Cl^{-} ]}{HClO}

Then we do the ICE table. I is for the initial concentration, C for the change and E for the excess.
      
          HClO       + H2O   ⇄   H3O+ +  OCl-
I     1.0x10^-4                          0             0
C        -x                                 +x           +x 
E  (1.0x10^-4 - x)                     x             x

Substituting the excess (E) concentration to the Ka equation:

K_{a} = \frac{[x ][x]}{1.0 \ x \  10^{-4} - x }

Simplifying the equation would yield a quadratic equation:

x^{2} + K_{a}x-(1.0 \ x \ 10^{-4}) K_{a}=0

The Ka for HClO is an experimental data which was determined to be 2.9 x 10^-8. Substitute this to the equation, determine the roots, then you get the value for x, which is the concentration of H3O+ and ClO-. Just use your calculator feature Shift-Solve.

x = 1.688 x 10^-6 M = [H3O+] = [ClO-]

Then, you can determine the conc of [OH-] through pH.

pH = -log {H3O+] = -log [1.688 x 10^-6] = 5.77
pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 5.77 = 8.23
pOH = 8.23 = -log [OH-]
[OH-] = 5.89 x 10^-9 M

Also, since HClO is (1.0x10^-4 - x), then it's concentration would be:
[HClO] = 1.0x10^-4 - 1.688 x 10^-6 = 9.83 x10^-5 M

Let's summarize all concentrations:
[HClO] = 9.83 x10^-5 M
[OH-] = 5.89 x 10^-9 M
[H3O+] = [ClO-] = 1.688 x 10^-6 M
Since the solution is dilute, H2O is relatively higher in concentration.

Thus in relative amounts, the order would be

H2O >>> HClO > H3O+ = ClO- > OH-


6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
The use of phenol (carbolic acid) as a wound disinfectant was first practiced by:
uranmaximum [27]

Answer:

The use of phenol (carbolic acid) as a wound disinfectant was first practiced by Lister. The correct option is E

Explanation:

Phenol( carbolic acid) is an aromatic organic compound. It has the following properties:

- it's soluble in water

- it's a weak acid and

- highly reactive toward electrophilic aromatic substitution

In Medical field, phenol was first used as an antiseptic by Joseph Lister.Joseph Lister was a student at University College London under Robert Liston, later rising to the rank of Surgeon at Glasgow Royal Infirmary. He believed that patients who passed through surgery, died due to infections caused by microorganisms.He theorized that if germs could be killed or prevented, no infection would occur. Lister reasoned that a chemical could be used to destroy the micro-organisms that cause infection. He made use of the carbolic acid by soaking a clean cloth in them, and placing it over the surgical wounds of patients.

8 0
3 years ago
Suppose a liquid level from 5.5 to 8.6 m is linearly converted to pneumatic pressure from 3 to 15 psi. What pressure will result
wlad13 [49]

Answer:

a) P = 9.58 psi for  h=7.2 m

b) P=4.7 psi for h=5.94 m

Explanation:

Since the pressure Pon a static liquid level h is

P= p₀ + ρ*g*h

where p₀= initial pressure , ρ=density , g = gravity

then he variation of the liquid level Δh will produce a variation of pressure of

ΔP= ρ*g*Δh → ΔP/Δh =  ρ*g = ( 15 psi - 3 psi) /( 8.6 m - 5.5 m)  = 12/3.1 psi/m

if the liquid level is converted linearly

P = P₁ + ΔP/Δh*(h -h₁)

therefore choosing  P₁ = 3 psi and h₁= 5.5 m , for h=7.2 m

P = 3 psi  + 12/3.1 psi/m *(7.2 m -5.5 m) = 9.58 psi

then P = 9.58 psi for  h=7.2 m

for P=4.7 psi

4.7 psi = 3 psi  + 12/3.1 psi/m *(h -5.5 m)

h = (4.7 psi - 3 psi)/ (12/3.1 psi/m) + 5.5 m = 5.94 m

then P=4.7 psi for h=5.94 m

5 0
3 years ago
What mass of butane in grams is necessary to produce 1.5×103 kj of heat what mass of co2 is produced?
kari74 [83]
The heat of reaction (i.e. combustion) of butane (C_{4} H_{10}) when reacted with oxygen (O_{2})  is -2658 kJ/mol butane, and the chemical reaction is given by: 

C_{4} H_{10} + \frac{13}{2} O_{2} ---> 4 CO_{2}  + 5 H_{2}O

The mass of butane required in the reaction is based on the heat produced by the reaction, which is given to be -1,500 kJ. The minus sign is added because the reaction releases heat (exothermic), which means that the products are in a "lower energy state" than the reactants. 

Dividing this with the heat of reaction per mole of butane reacted would give the number of moles butane required. Then, multiplying the answer with the molar mass of butane which is 58 grams/mole, will give the mass of butane required. 

Moles of butane = [(-1,500 kJ)/(-2658 kJ/mol butane)]
Moles of butane = 0.5643 moles butane

Mass of butane  = 0.5643 moles butane * 58 grams/mol butane
Mass of butane  = 32.73 grams butane

The mass of carbon dioxide (CO_{2}) can be determined by multiplying the moles of butane (C_{4} H_{10}) with the mole ratio of (CO_{2}) produced to the (C_{4} H_{10}) reacted, and then with the molar mass of (CO_{2}), which is 44 grams/mole. 

Mass of carbon dioxide produced 
    = 0.5643 moles butane * [4 moles CO_{2}/ 1 mole C_{4} H_{10}] * 44 grams/mole CO_{2}

Mass of carbon dioxide produced  
    = 99.32 grams CO_{2}

Thus, the mass of butane required is 32.73 grams, and the mass of carbon dioxide produced from the reaction of this amount of butane is 99.32 grams. 
                
4 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Initially a beaker contains 225.0 ml of a 0.350 M MgSO4 solution. Then 175.0 ml of water are added to the beaker. Find the conce
Salsk061 [2.6K]
Final volume is 400 mL

<span>The moles in MgSO4 is 0.00788 </span><span>mL
</span>
The new concentration is 0.197
8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
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