Answer:
C) II, III, and IV only
II. low precipitation
III. poorly developed soils
IV. animals with extreme adaptations
Explanation:
This is something that generally comes from environmental knowledge.
I. Permafrost. This is commonly found in Tundra's, and is arguably the definition OF a tundra. Tundra's have land with underlying permafrost, which prevents plants that rely on large roots from breaching the land. Deserts don't have THIS problem, they just have sand and overly dried rock-soil.
II. Low precipitation. This is true of both deserts and tundras. If you've ever seen a desert-set- movie, you'd know that the prominent issue of deserts is that they never seem to have water. While Hollywood isn't to be considered accurate, it DOES have some truth here. Deserts are infamous for their extremely low amounts of precipitation (rain). Tundras are nearly identical, though due to other reasons.
III. Poorly developed soils. Yes, Tundras and Deserts both have terrible, terrible soil, for opposite reasons. Tundras are known for extremely low temperatures and little precipitation. Deserts are known for extremely hot temperatures and little precipitation. With Tundras, permafrost lays beneath all the land, preventing any serious plants from growing (outside of resilient grasses, weeds, and shrubs). Deserts have the opposite issue... they average 102 degrees during the day and 24 degrees at night. Excluding the typical presence of sand, this makes for VERY rough soil, as it's baked throughout the day and hardened at night.
IV. Animals with extreme adaptions. Yes. In Tundra's, you'll find a majority of animals that have found ways to adapt to the extremely low temperatures... namely foxes, hares, reindeer, wolves, birds, and some smaller mammals. In deserts, you'll find animals who've adapted to living and thriving in hot temperatures and tolerating the night temps. . .namely reptiles, foxes, scorpions, and armadillos, along with some birds.
V. Hot days and Cold nights. As mentioned before, Deserts average 102F during the day and 24F at night. On the CONTRARY, tundras average -30F to 20F. Obviously, this answer choice is only applicable to deserts.
Hope this helps!
~Troy
