The best reagents that are used for the conversion of ethylbenzene to (2-bromoethyl)benzene is shown in the first diagram attached.
Explanation:
Concepts and reason
The concept used to solve this problem is by using the given reagents, possible products will be formed in each step and then label it exactly in the given boxes in order to form the exact product.
Here, the starting reactant is ethyl benzene and the final product is (2-bromoethyl)benzene.
Fundamentals
Bromine molecule is used for bromination of alkene. Trans addition takes place.
Addition of HBr to the double bond forms an alkyl bromide.
Potassium tertiary butoxide is a sterically hindered base.
Bromination of alkane in the presence of sunlight gives radical substitution.
NBS (N-bromosuccinimide) is used for the allylic bromination.
The reaction is as shown in the second attachment(pictures 2,3 and 4).
Liquids flow because its particles can move over each other. The particles have freedom to move and they will keep moving until it takes the shape of its container.
Solid particles are rigid and tightly packed, they cannot move, so it does not flow.
Taking into account the definition of calorimetry, 0.0185 moles of water are required.
<h3>Calorimetry</h3>
Calorimetry is the measurement and calculation of the amounts of heat exchanged by a body or a system.
Sensible heat is defined as the amount of heat that a body absorbs or releases without any changes in its physical state (phase change).
So, the equation that allows to calculate heat exchanges is:
Q = c× m× ΔT
where Q is the heat exchanged by a body of mass m, made up of a specific heat substance c and where ΔT is the temperature variation.
<h3>Mass of water required</h3>
In this case, you know:
Heat= 92.048 kJ
Mass of water = ?
Initial temperature of water= 34 ºC
Final temperature of water= 100 ºC
Specific heat of water = 4.186
Replacing in the expression to calculate heat exchanges:
92.048 kJ = 4.186 × m× (100 °C -34 °C)
92.048 kJ = 4.186 × m× 66 °C
m= 92.048 kJ ÷ (4.186 × 66 °C)
<u><em>m= 0.333 grams</em></u>
<h3>Moles of water required</h3>
Being the molar mass of water 18 , that is, the amount of mass that a substance contains in one mole, the moles of water required can be calculated as: