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True [87]
3 years ago
11

A professor pays 25 cents for each blackboard error made in lecture to the student who pointsout the error. In a career ofnyears

filled with blackboard errors, the total amount in dollarspaid can be approximated by a Gaussian random variableYnwith expected value 40nandand variance 100n. a. What is the probability that Y20 exceeds 1000?b. How many years n must the professor teach in order that P(Y_n > 1000) > 0.99?
Mathematics
1 answer:
marta [7]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

(a) The probability that <em>Y</em>₂₀ exceeds 1000  is 3.91 × 10⁻⁶.

(b) <em>n</em> = 28.09

Step-by-step explanation:

The random variable <em>Y</em>ₙ is defined as the total numbers of dollars paid in <em>n</em> years.

It is provided that <em>Y</em>ₙ can be approximated by a Gaussian distribution, also known as Normal distribution.

The mean and standard deviation of <em>Y</em>ₙ are:

\mu_{Y_{n}}=40n\\\sigma_{Y_{n}}=\sqrt{100n}

(a)

For <em>n</em> = 20 the mean and standard deviation of <em>Y</em>₂₀ are:

\mu_{Y_{n}}=40n=40\times20=800\\\sigma_{Y_{n}}=\sqrt{100n}=\sqrt{100\times20}=44.72\\

Compute the probability that <em>Y</em>₂₀ exceeds 1000 as follows:

P(Y_{n}>1000)=P(\frac{Y_{n}-\mu_{Y_{n}}}{\sigma_{Y_{n}}}>\frac{1000-800}{44.72})\\=P(Z>  4.47)\\=1-P(Z

**Use a <em>z </em>table for probability.

Thus, the probability that <em>Y</em>₂₀ exceeds 1000  is 3.91 × 10⁻⁶.

(b)

It is provided that P (<em>Y</em>ₙ > 1000) > 0.99.

P(Y_{n}>1000)=0.99\\1-P(Y_{n}

The value of <em>z</em> for which P (Z < z) = 0.01 is 2.33.

Compute the value of <em>n</em> as follows:

z=\frac{Y_{n}-\mu_{Y_{n}}}{\sigma_{Y_{n}}}\\2.33=\frac{1000-40n}{\sqrt{100n}}\\2.33=\frac{100}{\sqrt{n}}-4\sqrt{n}  \\2.33=\frac{100-4n}{\sqrt{n}} \\5.4289=\frac{(100-4n)^{2}}{n}\\5.4289=\frac{10000+16n^{2}-800n}{n}\\5.4289n=10000+16n^{2}-800n\\16n^{2}-805.4289n+10000=0

The last equation is a quadratic equation.

The roots of a quadratic equation are:

n=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^{2}-4ac}}{2a}

a = 16

b = -805.4289

c = 10000

On solving the last equation the value of <em>n</em> = 28.09.

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