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Electron density is the measure of theprobability of an electron being present at a specific location.
In molecules, regions of electron density are usually found around the atom, and its bonds. In de-localized orconjugated systems, such as phenol,benzene and compounds such as hemoglobin and chlorophyll, the electron density covers an entire region, i.e., in benzene they are found above and below the planar ring. This is sometimes shown diagrammatically as a series of alternating single and double bonds. In the case of phenol and benzene, a circle inside a hexagon shows the de-localized nature of the compound.
Answer:
There is an overall release of energy when bonds form.
Explanation:
There is a general release of energy when bonds form. This energy is called bond energy.
Bond energy is involved in the breakdown or formation of one or more bonds between atoms of a molecule. Atoms bond with each other to achieve their electronic stability, that is, they move from a higher energy situation to a lower energy one. With this we can state that when the bond between atoms is formed, energy is released; therefore, its breakdown depends on energy absorption.
To calculate the <span>δ h, we must balance first the reaction:
NO + 0.5O2 -----> NO2
Then we write all the reactions,
2O3 -----> 3O2 </span><span>δ h = -426 kj eq. (1)
O2 -----> 2O </span><span>δ h = 490 kj eq. (2)
NO + O3 -----> NO2 + O2 </span><span>δ h = -200 kj eq. (3)
We divide eq. (1) by 2, we get
</span>O3 -----> 1.5O2 δ h = -213 kj eq. (4)
Then, we subtract eq. (3) by eq. (4)
NO + O3 -----> NO2 + O2 δ h = -200 kj
- (O3 -----> 1.5 O2 δ h = -213 kj)
NO -----> NO2 - 0.5O2 δ h = 13 kj eq. (5)
eq. (2) divided by -2. (Note: Dividing or multiplying by negative number reverses the reaction)
O -----> 0.5O2 <span>δ h = -245 kj eq. (6)
</span>
Add eq. (6) to eq. (5), we get
NO -----> NO2 - 0.5O2 δ h = 13 kj
+ O -----> 0.5O2 δ h = -245 kj
NO + O ----> NO2 δ h = -232 kj
<em>ANSWER:</em> <em>NO + O ----> NO2 δ h = -232 kj</em>
