By 1796 it had been observed that milk maids who had been exposed to cowpox did not succumb to the deadly plague of smallpox tha
t was ravishing both Europe and Britain. From this observation, Edward Jenner was able to construct the world's first successful vaccine. Which of the following statements best fits Jenner's hypothesis that led him to his creation of the vaccine?a. If exposure to cowpox gives immunity to smallpox in milkmaids, then exposure to cowpox should give immunity to smallpox in other individuals as well.b. Exposure to smallpox always gives immunity to cowpox.c. Cowpox and smallpox are caused by the same microorganism.d. If milkmaids exposed to cowpox are immune to smallpox, then cowpox and smallpox are the same disease.e. If exposure to cowpox gives immunity to smallpox in milkmaids, then milkmaids have a natural immunity and their blood should be used to develop a smallpox vaccine.
e.) If exposure to cowpox gives immunity to smallpox in milkmaids, then milkmaids have a natural immunity and their blood should be used to develop a smallpox vaccine.
Explanation:
Milkmaids who suffered from cowpox did not suffer from smallpox i.e. they were immune to the disease.
If milkmaids did not suffer from smallpox then there must be some element of immunity that they received once they had recovered from cowpox, this would likely be found in their blood as antibodies.
Scientists are testing substance L to determine how it enters mammalian cells in a culture. The cells maintain a 120 millimolar (mM) intracellular concentration of substance L . The scientists determined the rate of entry of substance L into the cells at various external concentrations of substance L (10 to 100 mM) in culture medium (Table 1).
