In Dredd Scott, the Supreme Court had a very particular issue to consider: that of whether or not an African American had standing to sue in federal court.
The Supreme Court ultimately decided that while Scott was a citizen of a free state, he was not a US citizen and was not entitled to standing as a US citizen.
Martin Luther wrote his 95 theses in 1517 as a as as a protest against the selling of indulgences. After he sent a copy of the theses to Albert of Mainz (who sent a copy to Pope Leo), Luther continued to write, elaborating on the issues raised
I hope that answered your question, if not I am sorry...