First one (on the left) is 2) associative property because we are regrouping terms or re-associating them based on the parenthesis. Think of the parenthesis like a tent or a house that separates off the stuff outside. First 27 and 36 are grouped, then we move the parenthesis so that 52 and 27 are grouped now.
Second one (on the right) is 1) commutative. The commutative multiplication property says we can multiply two numbers in any order. For example, 4*9 = 36 and 9*4 = 36. The 4 and 9 swap places. In this problem, the 3 and 4x swap places. The use of parenthesis isn't necessary, though it is sometimes used to imply multiplication.
