Answer:
This question lacks options, the options are:
1. an ecosystem completely out of balance
2. how ecosystems maintain stability over time
3. interaction between biotic and abiotic factors within an ecosystem
4. ecological succession
The answer is 2
Explanation:
An ecosystem comprises of biotic organisms, abiotic substances etc. that interact with one another. The biotic components of an ecosystem are known to feed on one another in order to obtain energy. However, stability of an ecosystem must be maintained between predators and prey or else there will be extinction of many species of organisms.
One way balance in an ecosystem is maintained over time is by the increase and decrease in population of predators and preys in an ecosystem. For example, If the population of hawks (predator) in an area increases, their prey populations might decrease because there will be less predation.
Also, at a later time, when there is a fewer population of prey, the hawk population might decrease because there is less food to eat. The prey populations might then increase.
Answer:white blood cells?
Explanation: It could possibly be them, since they fight infections
If a pathogen penetrates the first line of defense, the nonspecific internal defenses (as part of the second line of defense) it will possibly encounter are: an inflammatory response and neutrophils.
If a pathogen able to somehow pass through the the barriers shielding the body, one of the first active responses of the innate immune system is triggered. It is termed as an inflammatory response.
The major role of an inflammatory response is to set up a physical barrier against the spread of an infection.
Neutrophils are the phagocytic cells which move throughout the body in the blood. They are generally the first immune cells to show up at the site of an infection.
To learn more about neutrophils here
brainly.com/question/27960149
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