Answer:
Immune
Explanation:
The immune system helps to protect our body from all sort of organisms ranging from invading toxins and micro-organisms which negatively affects an individual’s health and well being.
Stress has an adverse effect on the immune system such that it weakens and suppresses the functions of the required antibodies in the body system. This is the reason why many aged people fall sick because they have gone through more stress when compared to younger people.
Answer:
In an ancestral elm species, mutations gave rise to the phenotypic trait "winged-seeds". Subsequently, selection favored elm plants with winged-seeds that diverged over time to become a separate species
Explanation:
A mutation is a genetic change in the DNA sequence. In general, mutations have a negative impact on the fitness of the individual (i.e., mutations are generally deleterious) and therefore they disappear from the population. However, there are situations where mutations are beneficial and confer an adaptive advantage, thereby increasing their frequency in the population. In this case, mutations associated with the formation of winged-seeds conferred an adaptive advantage (i.e., higher seed dispersal capacity) to individuals who had this phenotypic trait, thereby these individuals had more chances to reproduce and pass their genes to the next generation. Eventually, Elm plants with winged-seeds accumulated sufficient genetic differences to prevent interbreeding, leading to the formation of a separate species.
Answer:
2. dopamine
Explanation:
Dopamine is one of the neurochemicals involved in the transmission of signals between the neurons of the brain. It is usually referred to as “the feel good” “happy” hormone that is released when stimulated by engaging in a pleasurable experience or activity. Dopamine controls the emotional and mental processes of humans. It is important in sexuality of human as it is responsible for the pleasurable feelings of satisfaction we experience.
Answer:
Repolarization
Explanation:
Repolarization refers to the phase during which the resting potential is restored after depolarization. This means that the inside of the axon membrane becomes negative again compared to the outside.
Repolarization is obtained by the functioning of K+ ion channels. The opening of K+ ion channels allows the K+ to move outside of the axon. Movement of positively charged ion (K+) outside of axon makes the inside negative again and the resting potential is restored.
Answer:
Domain archaea holds microorganisms that is bacteria that has cell wall consist up of peptidoglycan. The Eukarya differ from the Archea and Bacteria in that their cells are eukaryotic, meaning they consist up of a "membrane enclosed nucleus" and "other membrane enclosed organelles".
Explanation:
