Answer:
Formular = C₅H₁₁NO₃
Explanation:
The empirical formular is the simplest formular of a compound can have.
We use the steps below to obtain the empirical formular;
Step 1: Obtain the mass of each element present in grams. Element % = mass in g = m.
Carbon = 45.46% = 45.46g
Hydrogen = 7.63% = 7.63g
Nitrogen = 10% = 10g
Oxygen = 100% - (45.46% + 7.63% + 10%) = 36.31% = 36.31g
Step 2: Determine the number of moles of each type of atom present.
Molar amount (M) = m/atomic mass
Carbon = 45.46 / 12 = 3.7883
Hydrogen = 7.63 / 1 = 7.63
Nitrogen = 10 / 14 = 0.7143
Oxygen = 36.91 / 16 = 2.3069
Step 3: Divide the number of moles of each element by the smallest number of moles. Smallest = 0.7143
Carbon = 3.7883 / 0.7143 = 5.3035
Hydrogen = 7.63 / 0.7143 = 10.67
Nitrogen = 0.7143 / 0.7143 = 1
Oxygen = 2.2693 / 0.7143 = 3.1770
Step 4: Convert numbers to whole numbers
Carbon = 5
Hydrogen = 11
Nitrogen = 1
Oxygen = 3
Formular = C₅H₁₁NO₃
High temperature and pressure produce the highest rate of reaction. However, this must be balanced with the high cost of the energy needed to maintain these conditions. Catalysts increase the rate of reaction without affecting the yield. This can help create processes which work well even at lower temperatures.
I hope this helps you.
Answer:
11.02 % of an isotope will be left after 45 seconds.
Explanation:
where,
= initial mass of isotope
N = mass of the parent isotope left after the time, (t)
= half life of the isotope
= rate constant
We have :
Mass of Beryllium-11 radioactive isotope= 
Mass of Beryllium-11 radioactive isotope after 45 seconds = 
t = 45 s
= rate constant = 
Now put all the given values in this formula, we get
Percentage of isotope left :
11.02 % of an isotope will be left after 45 seconds.
Answer:
Death in the Water: How Plastic Is Poisoning Our Oceans
Liz Greene February 17, 2017
We live in a society obsessed with convenience, and that obsession has made plastic king. Though humankind has greatly benefited from plastic, the environmental costs of this reigning polymer may bring about our downfall. Traveling from land to sea in the wind or through waterways, plastic pollution is causing extensive damage to our marine life and giving life to one of the greatest ecological disasters of our times.
Plastic has been collecting in the marine environment since plastic production began in the 1950s — in fact, each square mile of the ocean contains more than 46,000 pieces of floating plastic. Eight million metric tons of plastics make their way into the ocean each year, hitching a ride on the currents and reaching the furthest corners of our seas — even turning up in the Antarctic wilderness. Simply put, the world’s oceans are becoming a toxic soup of plastic and other debris, and all life is being negatively affected.
Unfortunately, plastic doesn’t biodegrade — though it does eventually photodegrade (i.e., break down into smaller fragments by exposure to the sun). Photodegradation of plastic continues to the molecular level, yet photodegraded plastic remains a polymer. No matter how minute the pieces, they will always be plastic. Unlike naturally based paper or glass, they are not absorbed into or changed by natural processes — plastic never truly goes away.
Explanation:
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