1- they can be used as domestic fuel for cooking instead of kerosene or firewood that contribute to pollution
2-they can also used to generate electricity in rural areas as these areas has not enough resources of electricity
Answer:
Energy in an ecosystem is mainly made by the producers of an ecosystem. The net primary productivity in an ecosystem depends on many factors. Some of them are:
- Amount of sunlight: The amount of sunlight that the plants and trees might be has basic influence on the primary productivity. Plants and trees receiving enough sun light will be able to make more food for organisms living in that area as compared to the producers which do not receive enough sun light.
- Soil texture: The soil texture and the availability of nutrients heavily influence the primary productivity of an ecosystem. An area having a soil texture with not enough nutrients will not be able to grow more plants. As a result, the productivity would decrease.
The given question is incomplete as the genotype of the parents is not given, so the answer is providing in the followings case:
1. dominant parent and recessive parent
2. heterozygous parents
Answer:
1. dominant parent and recessive parent:
dominant parents can be represented by LL and recessive parent is represented by ll, so the gametes would be L, L and l, l.
so,
L L
l Ll Ll
l Ll Ll
so there are all offspring in heterozygous condition as we known one or two dominant allele masks the recessive allele for the trait so 100% offspring can fold their tongue.
2. heterozygous parents
In this case, parents have Ll genotype and gametes would be L and l for each parent so,
L l
L LL Ll
l Ll ll
In this case, one is pure dominant and two heterozygous whereas only one is recessive so, the phenotype of offspring that cant fol the tongue would be:
3/4 = 75%
If an A (Adenine) were swapped for a T (Thymine) it will lead to A TRANSVERSION TYPE OF POINT MUTATION.
Replacement of an A with a T is a transversion type of point mutation because in transversion the purine is replaced with a pyrimidine. Since in this case only one nucleotide is replaced, it is a point mutation.
We are well aware that there are two stages of photosynthesis:
- Light dependent reactions
- Light independent reactions/ Calvin cycle/ dark reactions.
Calvin cycle or light-independent reactions:
This comprise the process during which carbon dioxide enters into the leaves of plants and passes through series of steps to form sugar or food. This process depends on the supply of ATP, (the ATP that is formed previously during light dependent reactions).
Now there are three stages of Calvin cycle:
- 1) carbon fixation
- 2) reduction
- 3) regeneration
During the process of carbon fixation CO2 combines with a 5-carbon compound called RuBP or ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate which results in the synthesis of a 6-carbon compound that splits up in to 2 three carbon compounds called phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA).
Here out focus will be the process of Reduction.
Reduction is the second stage of Calvin cycle during which phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA) is converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) that is a sugar. During the process of reduction, energy in the form of ATP and NADPH are used for the conversion of 3-PGA to G3P. As 3-PGA is reduced to G3P, therefore this process is known as reduction.
After reduction, a series of reactions occur that lead to the synthesis of glucose but since focus of our question was reduction, so you can see more details of the process in attached figure.
Hope it helps!
