Question

What do you mean by acceleration due to gravity? ​

Answer 1

It is the acceleration of an object in free fall

Explanation:

When an object is in free fall, it is subjected only to one force: the force of gravity, which pulls the object downward, with a magnitude (near the Earth's surface) which is given by

$F=mg$

where

m is the mass of the object

$g=9.8 m/s^2$ is the acceleration due to gravity

We can apply Newton's second law to the object in free fall:

$F=ma$

where

F is the net force on the object

a is the acceleration of the object

m is the mass

However, since there is only the force of gravity acting on the object, the net force is equal to the force of gravity: so we can equate the two equations, obtaining that

$mg = ma\\\rightarrow a = g$

Which means that the acceleration of an object in free fall (acted upon the force of gravity only) is equal to the acceleration due to gravity, $g=9.8 m/s^2$.

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