Answer:
It depends, see answer below
Step-by-step explanation:
By arithmetic, we refer to the elementary operations between numbers. You can build the integer, rational, real and complex number systems from the natural numbers, so it is enough to obtain arithmetic for natural numbers.
In the axiomatic formulation of natural numbers, you assume that there exists a non empty set N such that multiplication and addition are defined in N with the commutative, associative, distributive and modulus properties. If you take this approach, you need all of the above: Numbers exist, Multiplication, Addition.
A different approach is the following: assume the Peano axioms: The set of natural numbers exists, and it obeys an inductive structure (without going in further details, every natural number has a unique sucessor, and mathematical induction is valid). You can define addition and multiplication inductively, so in this case you only need to assume that numbers exist.
