Question

That participants in Brazil might have interpreted the classifications of "Black" and "White" to be a reflection of social class, rather than race, represents what type of critique of the methodology?

Answer 1

Answer: Construct Validity

Explanation:

Construct Validity is a measure of how well a test is structured to examine the  fact or event we actually want to measure.  Put simply, do the variables we are trying to measure and labels we assign them reflect the idea that we intend?

In this question, the threat to construct validity is that black/white does not refer to race but social status due to the culture where the terms are used. The labels used here will translate into a test that measures a completely different idea, and will also generate different results from what is intended.