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ss7ja [257]
4 years ago
12

explain the basic process of DNA synthesis (including the distinction between lagging strand and leading strand synthesis) and u

nderstand when DNA synthesis occurs
Biology
1 answer:
Arada [10]4 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Please the explanation below

Explanation:

DNA synthesis occur at the S phase of the cell cycle in preparation for cell division. The process which is also known as DNA replication occur in 3 main stages namely:

  • Initiation
  • Elongation
  • Termination

At the initiation stage, the double helix DNA structure is unwound by DNA helicase enzyme to form a Y shape structure known as the replication fork. A short pieces of RNA called primer then binds to 3' end of the DNA strands at the starting point of replication.

During elongation, an enzyme known as DNA polymerase adds bases to the primer in the 5' to 3' direction. This makes the replication of the leading strand to be continuous. RNA primer binds to the lagging strand at multiple regions and are replicated in short disjointed fragments known as okazaki fragments. This kind of replication is discontinuous.

Termination involves the unbinding of RNA primer by an exonuclease enzyme. The primers are then replaced by relevant bases. Proofreading of the newly synthesized strands takes place and the okazaki fragments are joined together by an enzyme known as DNA ligase. Telomerase enzyme then adds telomeres to the end of the DNA strands and each newly synthesized strand winds to its parent strand.

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After completing the online activity, what percent of the time did you find that the cell spends in prophase (number of cells in
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What would be the ploidy of the viable gametes produced by a tetraploid individual if nondisjunction of all chromosomes occurred
sattari [20]

Answer:

Tetraploid

Explanation:

Ploidy:

Ploidy is a biological term used for the presence of number of chromosome sets in a cell. Cells can be haploid (gametes), diploid (two chromosomal sets) and polyploid (more than two chromosomal sets).

Polyploidy:

A condition that entails the possession of more than two sets of chromosomes in the cell. Normal cells are diploid (2n) i.e they contain two sets of chromosomes, one from each parents. Polyploid individuals contain three (triploid, 3n), four (tetraploid, 4n), five (pentaploid, 5n) number of chromosomes and so on.

Under normal disjunction of chromosomes, a tetraploid cell will produce two diploid daughter cells each with two sets of chromosomes.

However, in the case of non-disjunction of all chromosomes in a tetraploid individual, two tetraploid daughter cells will be produced at the end of meiosis 1.

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7 0
3 years ago
Producers, consumers, and decomposers play important roles in the environment. Are there any organisms that would not fall into
choli [55]

Answer:

No, there are no organisms that will not fall into these categories

Explanation:

Living organisms interact with one another in their natural environment in order to ensure that energy needed for their metabolic activities is obtained. To do this, each organism plays different or specific roles. The roles that every organism must fall into are as follows:

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- Decomposers- These are organism that have the ability to breakdown dead organisms into organic matter, thereby, adding nutrients back to the soil. Examples are fungi, bacteria, earthworm etc.

Based on this explanation above, no organism will not fall into any of these three categories. Some can even occupy two roles.

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alina1380 [7]
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