Question

What process describes the transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity?

Answer 1

Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Conduction is defined as the process in which there is transfer of heat through the material of substance due to the difference in temperature of adjoining regions.

For example, cooking omelet in a pan is a conduction process.  

Thus, we can conclude that out of the given options conduction is the process which describes the transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity.

Answer 2

The process by which heat is transferred between materials as a result of the difference in the temperature of regions joining them is called conduction.

Further Explanation:

All matter is composed of atoms and molecules which are always in motion. The motion of these atoms results in the production of thermal energy or heat. The heat can be transferred from one substance to another through convection, conduction, and radiation. Although conduction and convection both require matter for the transfer of heat while molecular activity occurs only in conduction.

Heat transfer through conduction is known as diffusion. In this method, the direct exchange of kinetic energy occurs through particles between the boundaries of two substances or systems. When the temperature of an object is different from other closed contacted bodies, the flow of heat occurs between the two substances in order to achieve the same temperature. This is called thermal equilibrium where both the body and the object in contact attain the same temperature. The transfer of heat in such cases occurs in the direction of a lower temperature region from a high-temperature region.

Heat conduction results when the rapidly moving molecules or atoms produce kinetic energy and interact with other neighboring molecules. During such interaction, some sort of energy in the form of heat is transferred to the nearby particles. It can also be defined as a transfer of heat by conduction as a result of the vibration of molecules with one another or movement of electrons from one particle to another. The most useful means of heat transfer is conduction between objects that are in physical contact such as solid bodies. This process occurs between two objects that are in direct contact and does not move. For example, while holding a glass of cold water, heat is transferred to the cold water glass from the comparatively warmer skin. But when the same hand is held a little away from the glass, less conduction would be seen. This is because air is not a good conductor of heat.

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Chapter: Heat transfer

Subject: Biology

Keywords:

Heat transfer, thermal energy, conduction, convection, radiation, molecules, atoms, diffusion, thermal equilibrium.