Risk assessment, Input validation and Output validation.
Explanation:
Software development life cycle, SDLC, is a systematic process a software being created must pass through or follow, from the stage of conception to death of the application.
There are various processes that occurs at the beginning of SDLC, a few of the activities are risk management, input and output validation.
Risk management is used to determine the feasibility, usefulness and profitability to cost of the software before development. The input and output validation is for security control access to the data of the software.
The class "JOptionPane" are used to pop / create dialogue boxes for the user to enter the input for a question.
JOptionPane contains methods to create input dialogue boxes, message dialogue boxes, option dialogue boxes and confirm dialogue boxes.
The dialogue boxes can be just message dialogue boxes which gives some message to the user. It doesn't require anything to be input from the user. It is just a message box.
Where as input dialogue box requires the user to input something.
Confirm dialogue box asks the user to answer a question yes / no / cancel.
Option dialogue box asks the user to select the options.
So, option (d) JOptionPane is the answer for the question.
Option (a), (b) and (c) are used for different purposes but not to create dialogue boxes. So, options (a), (b) and (c) are not the correct answers for the question.
