Sea weeds come under polyphyletic group of the phylogeny.
What is phylogeny?
Phylogeny is the study of a species' or group's evolutionary history, particularly as it relates to relationships and lines of descent among large groups of animals.
The idea that distinct species of plants or animals descended from a single ancestor is fundamental to phylogeny and is widely recognized in the scientific community. Since the majority of animals that have ever existed are extinct and only a small portion of their fossilized remnants have been preserved in the fossil record, the evidence for these relationships is almost always insufficient. Therefore, the majority of phylogenies are based on inferential data and are hypotheses. Commonly, different phylogenies can be inferred from the same evidence.
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Hi!
The answers would be 1. (D) and 2. (B)
<h3>Explanation of Answer 1</h3>
Ice cores are in essence drilled cylinders that are acquired from glaciers or ice sheets. Ice sheets and glaciers are formed over many years as a result of deposits of snow layers. As these layers form, the lower layers become denser with each new layer, owing to pressure, and in the process it traps the air, which is preserved in the form of bubbles in the layer, therein preserving the composition of the air at a particular period of time. Scientists use ice cores to compare the atmospheric composition of previous years to those of recent years, and the gas mainly studied is carbon dioxide owing to its bringing about a climatic change.
<h3>Explanation of Answer 2</h3>
The Earth's orbit is caused by the gravitational attraction that is present between the Earth and the Sun, but changes due to the shape of the orbit (eccentricity), the wobble of the Earth about its axis (precession), and the axial tilt of the Earth (obliquity). These cause a change in the Earths orbit, which give rise to Milankovitch's cycles. Milankovitch's Cycles describes a revolutionary movement of the Earth around the Sun. These cycles are observed to be determinants of the climate of the Earth, in the regard of how much heat or energy the Earth is exposed to.
Hope this helps!
The effect does the chemical referred to as a mutagen has is it causes a permanent change in the genetic material (dna) and is denoted as option D.
<h3>What is DNA?</h3>
This is referred to as deoxyribonucleic acid and is the genetic material in living organisms.
Mutagen on the other hand are agents which cause mutations which means alterations in the DNA of organisms. It affects the transcription and replication of the DNA thereby leading to cell death and other effects such as diseased condition.
This is therefore the reason why option D was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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