B.) Archaebacteria
They are found in harsh conditions.
Well in my words, The vaccine is the weakened or dead version of the virus(pathogen). This actually prepares the body to be un-affected if it ever comes in contact with the virus (pathogen) again. After the vaccine is injected your body produces memory cells. These help your body become immune to the same virus (pathogen) twice. So basically it helps protect your body from dangerous viruses or pathogens, and develops immunities against them.
I really hope this helped :D
Viruses are not considered alive, because they lack certain aspects that would be considered a living organism.
Shortly after the zygote is formed, it begins the processes of duplication and division, each resulting new cell has the same number of chromosomes as was contained in the zygote. A fertilized egg is called a zygote until it divides into 16 cells, forming a ball-shaped structure called a morula. The events during the zygote stage involves integration of both parents' DNA into the cell nucleus and the beginning of rapid cell division, or cleavage.