Answer:
Rough endoplasmic reticulum and Mitochondria.
Explanation:
Disulfide bonds are known as covalent bonds. They are formed by the oxidation of 2 cysteines and these bonds can provide stability to proteins. These bonds mainly formed in intermembrane space of mitochondria and cellular compartments outside the cytoplasm endoplasmic reticulum. Both of these organelles present in an oxidation state providing an atmosphere for disulfide bond formation.
Cytoplasm and Nuclei mostly exit in reducing state because of the existence of disulfide reductase which is reducing the disulfide bonds between the cysteine residue to thiolate state. So, the disulfide bond formation will not happen.
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Mitochondrial DNA can be traced for generations. It is because of the fact that unlike nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA rarely gets mutated. The frequency of mutations in the mitochondrial DNA is approximately one every 3,500 years per nucleotide. That is why mitochondrial DNA of a person is almost similar to his/her direct maternal ancestor. So, it can be used to match lineages amongst people.
Answer:
A period happens because of changes in hormones in the frame. Hormones are chemical messengers. The ovaries launch the lady hormones estrogen and progesterone . those hormones motive the liner of the uterus (or womb) to build up. The constructed-up lining is prepared for a fertilized egg to connect to and begin developing. If there is no fertilized egg, the liner breaks down and bleeds. Then the identical manner occurs all once more.
It normally takes about a month for the liner to build up, then smash down. this is why a lot of ladies and women get their periods round once a month.
Source:
https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/menstruation.html
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/health-and-wellness/menstruation
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