For the patient with head injury and increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP), an osmotic diuretic, such as mannitol, is very helpful. An osmotic diuretic works by creating an osmotic gradient in the blood by the presence of the additional osmolyte (mannitol). In other words, the osmolyte stays in the bloodstream and creates a greater osmotic force to pull water out of tissues and third spaces (interstitium of cerebrum). This aids in alleviating the addition ICP by fluid removal.
The extra fluid that was "sucked" into the bloodstream via osmosis, can then travel to the kidneys and be filtered out into the urine (diuresis). This explains its two purposes as an "osmotic" and a "diuretic."
Seeing a snake, running away from it, and then becoming frightened is the sequence of events postulated by the Cannon-Bard theory. The Cannon-Bard theory is a theory of emotion. According to this theory <span>we react to a stimulus and experience the associated emotion at the same time. In our case, the stimulus is the snake. The reaction is running from the snake and the emotion associated to the reaction is the fear.</span>
She can say no. She can walk away. She can ignore him. She can talk about something else.
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Thanks!
