Washington
University obtained word counts from the most popular novels of the past five
years.
Yes this can potentially create a bias in a statistical
study because the word popular may be subjective. It should properly defined in
order for the study to be not biased.
Ch.5: Synaptic Activity
<span>Introduction<span>Otto Loewi studied the heart of the frog, which-like our own hearts- is supplied by two different peripheral nerves. One, the sympathetic nerve, excites the heart and makes it beat more rapidly; the other , the vagus, shows the heart. The problem was to discover the mechanism by which the effects of nerve impulses in either of these nerves are communicated to the heart muscle. Many believed that the electrical nerve impulse spread from the nerve to the muscle as an electrical wave; Loewi thought otherwise.Loewi tested two isolated frog hearts, one with the sympathetic and vagus nerves intact, the other with the nerves removed. A small tube containing salt water was placed in the heart with the nerves attached. When he stimulated the vagus nerve, the heartbeat slowed, as expected. Then he took salt solution that had been in the stimulated heart and placed it inside the heart without nerves. It too immediately slowed- exactly as if its own (missing) vagus nerve had been stimulated.He repeated the same procedure, stimulating the sympathetic nerve instead. The effect was again as if the nerve of the denervated heart itself were stimulated: the denervated heart began beating faster. These results could not be explained electrically; the nerves must have secreted chemicals into the salt solution that directly affect the muscles of the denervated heart.In one simple experiment, Loewi had demonstrated three important findings: (1) that communication at the gap between nerve and heart muscle was chemical, (2) that each nerve released a different transmitter substance, and (3) that it was the characteristics of the different transmitter substances that caused the increase or decrease in heart rate. This was the first direct experimental evidence of the action of chemical neurotransmitters.<span>Like the junction between nerve and heart muscle that Loewi studied, nerve cells communicate with each other at special junctions called synapses. </span></span></span><span><span> thanks and i hope this helps you.....
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Answer:
False
Explanation:
Bacterial flagella have a biological motor that spins within the cell wall and is NOT powered by ATP.
Instead the Bacterial flagella is known as the biological motor that spins the flagella for the motion of the bacteria and is as a result of the electron imbalance in the membranes which helps in the generation of a gradient. The cells makes use of the energy present in the gradient through the help of proton motive force which helps to propel it.
Ocean Is Salty And There Are Fishes In It!
Answer:
the reactants, which can come together faster thanks to the catalyst, producing a product faster as well as a result.
