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Pachacha [2.7K]
3 years ago
5

Which of the following happens when a material undergoes a phase change?

Physics
1 answer:
belka [17]3 years ago
6 0

We start by describing that phase transition is most commonly used to describe the change between solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter, including plasma for particular cases. When the transitional state between two substances is reached, the temperature change becomes null until there is the exchange required for the union or disunity of the atoms. The thermal energy supplied or eliminated is equal to the binding energy between atoms.

There is no change in chemical composition unless a combustion state is reached. But that is not related to the phase transition. The molecules are not altered either because that would alter the composition and in the phase change the temperature in this state has no change.

Therefore the correct answer is B.

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The final velocity is 2.7 m/s

Explanation:

We can solve this problem by using the principle of conservation of momentum: in fact, in absence of external forces, the total momentum of the system must be conserved before and after the collision.

Therefore we can write:

p_i = p_f\\m_1 u_1 + m_2 u_2 = (m_1+m_2)v  

where:  

m_1 = 3 kg is the mass of the putty

u_1 = 10 m/s is the initial velocity of the putty (we take its direction as positive direction)

m_2 = 8 kg is the mass of the ball

u_2 = 0 m/s is the initial velocity of the ball (at rest)

v is the final combined velocity of the two putty+ball

Re-arranging the equation and substituting the values, we find the  final combined velocity:

v=\frac{m_1 u_1 + m_2 u_2}{m_1+m_2}=\frac{(3)(10)+0}{3+8}=2.7 m/s

And the positive sign indicates their final direction is the same as the initial direction of the putty.

Learn more about momentum here:

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