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Mitochondria, the organelles involved in cellular respiration, can also generate chemicals called reactive oxygen species (ROSs). ROSs can damage mitochondria. Damaged mitochondria generate more ROSs than healthy mitochondria. This is an example of a positive feedback mechanism
The reactive oxygen species that are given out by the mitochondria during cellular respiration are the major cause of aging. Though this has a lot of negative effects but this also has a small amount of positive effects such as the start of angiogenesis or cell proliferation.
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Igneous rocks form when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and solidifies. Sedimentary rocks originate when particles settle out of water or air, or by precipitation of minerals from water. Crystallization, erosion, sedimentation, and metamorphism transform one rock type into another or change sediments into rock. The rock cycle describes the transformations of one type of rock to another. The process by which a rock changes form or mineral content as a result of environmental changes such as heat and pressure. a rock that was altered by metamorphism.
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Layer A is the crust and Layer B is the mantle.
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The Ancient Greeks developed astronomy, which they treated as a branch of mathematics, to a highly sophisticated level. The first geometrical, three-dimensional models to explain the apparent motion of the planets were developed in the 4th century BC by Eudoxus of Cnidus and Callippus of Cyzicus.
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