<span> D. Ionic bonds...........................................................................</span>
The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin and is app. .005-1.5mm thick. it is made up of several different types of cells with keratinocutes being the most abundant.
The dermis is the second layer of skin and is app. .3-3.0mm thick. And basically consists of connective tissue.
The mutation will occur on the X chromosome. Males are more susceptible to sickle cell amenia because they only carry one X chromosome instead of two when compared to a set of female chromosomes. If a female only has the mutation on one chromosome the disease will not appear. However, when a male recieves the mutation on the X chromosome, the disease would appear, because they only have one X chromosome.